Types of addiction
Types of addiction. There are dependencies on both substances and behaviours. All addictions follow a similar progression and exhibit a common set of symptoms. The most prevalent addiction is typically associated with substance misuse, yet the repercussions can be akin to those experienced when misusing the Internet, engaging in sexual activities, falling in love, overeating, exercising excessively, gambling, or shopping. An addiction is defined as any compulsive action that leads the individual to lose control over their life. In reality, there aren’t distinct categories of addiction; rather, there are various manifestations of the same issue. While one individual may struggle with alcohol dependency, another might be addicted to either illegal or legal drugs, and yet another could be facing gambling or other behavioural addictions. The underlying dynamics remain consistent, as there is a defined relationship with consumption or a behaviour that alters one’s mental state. It is also recognised that individuals who overcome an addiction to one substance or behaviour may be susceptible to developing a different addiction.
Behaviours – Types of addiction
Eating disorders include various chronic and progressive conditions characteriesd by a complex array of symptoms that extend beyond mere eating habits, such as a distorted body image, intense fear of weight gain, and the adoption of values reflected in body image. These conditions necessitate a multifaceted approach to analysis (individual-family-society)
Behavioural addictions are addressed similarly to substance addictions. The behaviours that can lead to addiction include:
- Gambling
- Sex
- New technologies (internet, mobile, social media, video games)
- Shopping
- Work
- Codependency
- misuse of various substances
The misuse of various substances and behaviours can occur simultaneously. A single person may grapple with issues related to gambling, alcohol, and pornography. Additionally, one can develop an addiction to medications prescribed by a healthcare professional.There are numerous variations and combinations of addiction types. Nevertheless, the diagnostic criteria remain consistent across all instances. While many harmful effects are shared among all addiction types, certain damages are unique to specific substances or behaviours. For instance, the mental and physical repercussions of alcohol addiction differ from those associated with heroin, cocaine, or gambling. Addictions can inflict harm on mental health or may arise from existing mental health issues. These problems can improve with recovery, but this is not always guaranteed; this situation is referred to as dual pathology. This is why we implement a tailored treatment plan for each individual case.
Physical and Mental Disorders – Types of addiction
Both physical and mental disorders can exist alongside addiction. Some disorders stem from negative experiences or childhood trauma, contributing to the development of addiction, while others may arise as a consequence of it.
Physical issues encompass pre-existing illnesses, poor health, infections, and damage resulting from substance use and the associated lifestyle. Common problems include muscle tension, pain, and dental issues.
Cross Addictions and Dual Illness
Addictions can be interconnected. For instance, a behavioural addiction like an obsession with food may lead to drug use for weight control. In cases of anorexia, it is not uncommon for individuals to use cocaine to suppress their appetite.
One dependency can often replace another. These dependencies may involve drugs or behaviours, which we refer to as cross addictions.
The condition of addiction can manifest alongside a psychiatric disorder. This dual pathology necessitates tailored treatment.
Substance Addiction
Substance addiction can arise from both legal and illegal drugs:
Heroin
Heroin / Opiates. Heroin and opiates are sedative substances that inhibit the nervous system. They also slow bodily functions and alleviate both physical and emotional pain. Opioids obstruct pain signals, induce a misleading sense of tranquility, and enhance pleasurable sensations in the brain. The primary effect of heroin is a sensation of relaxation, warmth, and emotional detachment, accompanied by reduced anxiety.
Alcoholism
Alcoholism is a chronic, progressive disease that can often be fatal. It results from the excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages, adversely affecting physical and mental health as well as social and familial relationships.
Cocaine
Cocaine is classified as a psychoactive substance that stimulates the central nervous system and brain. Individuals can quickly develop a tolerance to cocaine, which has a very high potential for addiction.
Benzodiazepines
Benzodiazepine addiction refers to the psychological and/or physical dependence on benzodiazepine medications.
Marijuana
Hash / Marijuana Types of addiction
Cannabis is among the most widely consumed illegal drugs. Its use is prevalent among adolescents and young adults, often due to the misconception that it is a “soft” drug. Approximately 19.5% of the Spanish population aged 15 to 65 has tried it at least once, a figure that increases significantly among younger individuals. Nearly one in three individuals (28.2%) when we concentrate on the age group of 15-29 years. For more help and advice, Call 07811 606 606 (24 hours)